How Canadian Wildfires Are Affecting Asthma in Michigan

In recent years, wildfire smoke from Canada has increasingly affected the air quality here in Michigan, including the Detroit metro area. As allergists, we have noted that many of our patients with asthma have noticed worsening symptoms on days when the air appears hazy or the news reports elevated pollution levels.  We have noted an increase in the frequency of asthma exacerbations and ER visits for asthma when there is poor air quality secondary to the Canadian Wildfires.  The Allergy Center would like to explain why this is happening and how we can help you protect your lungs and ensure your asthma is adequately controlled.

What’s in Wildfire Smoke?

Wildfire smoke contains a mix of harmful pollutants, but two are especially concerning for people with asthma:

Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and Ground-Level Ozone (O3)

PM2.5 refers to tiny particles in the air that are 30 times smaller than the width of a human hair. These particles can travel deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream. Wildfires also release gases that, when combined with sunlight, form ground-level ozone (O3)—a powerful irritant. PM2.5 and Ozone can both:

• Trigger coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness in those patients with asthma

• Increase the risk of asthma attacks

• Make your lungs more sensitive to allergens

• Reduce lung function

• Cause more frequent use of rescue inhalers

• Increase the frequency of the steroid course for acute asthma exacerbation

  
  

Why It Matters in Michigan

Although the fires may be burning hundreds of miles away, wind patterns carry the smoke across the Great Lakes and into Southeast Michigan. During these events, our air quality can quickly shift from “moderate” to “unhealthy,” especially for sensitive groups like children, adults, and those with asthma or COPD.

How You Can Protect Yourself

We recommend the following steps during wildfire smoke events:

• Check air quality daily: followed by easily using the Weather app on our smartphones.

• Stay indoors: Limit outdoor activity when air quality is poor. Keep windows closed and use air conditioning with clean filters.

• Use a HEPA air purifier: These can help reduce indoor air pollution.

• Ensure you are taking your controller asthma medications.

• Follow your Asthma Action Plan: Make sure your medications are up to date and keep your rescue inhaler on hand.

• Wear a mask if needed: A properly fitted N95 mask can help filter out fine particles if you must be outdoors.

  
  

We're Here to Help

If you or your child has asthma and you're noticing increased symptoms during these smoke events, please reach out to our office. We can help adjust your treatment plan and provide guidance to keep your breathing as healthy as possible, even when the air isn’t. Let Allergy & Asthma Associates of Michigan help you take charge of asthma.